摘要: 本文以中国早期博物馆的实践活动为研究对象,以比较调查法与个案研究法作为
最主要的研究方法,考察博物馆学理化演绎、体系化建构和区域化拓展的过程。关注早期
由沿海、西北、西南向国立博物馆演变的历程,从收藏理念、组织制度、文化传播和研究
成果等诸多方面进行考察,特别是伴随着考古学、民族学和人类学等新兴学科的出现,其
在研究方法、研究路径和研究视野中的转换。文章以国立、省立和高校中具有代表性博物
馆机构为研究对象,以解放区、国统区和沦陷区等代表为主要研究区域,着重于“国立故
宫博物院”“国立中央博物院”为代表的个案机构为观察对象,发现在抗战的时代语境中,
本土的博物馆不仅承担着“古物南迁”的责任,也开启了学术考察、民众知识普及和临时
展览策划等诸多工作,与“博物学”相关的研究者、考察者和工作者,发生了特殊政治吁
求的学术转型。
本文认为博物馆的演变历程,侧面折射出学界对本土文物流失、区域文化漠视和殖民
文化冲击的警惕。本土博物馆的建设,呈现出学科萌发、民众知识普及、国家民族思考,
进而发展为“统一全国抗战”宣传阵地的趋势。这是学界对抗日民族统一战线和全民族总
动员的意识自觉,也是从抗战文化到文化抗战的积极探索,逐渐孕育出了具有平民主义、
多元主义倾向的馆藏、展陈和学术成果。
Abstract: Taking the practical activities of early Chinese museums as the object of study,
this paper uses the comparative survey method and the case study method as the most
important research methods to examine the process of the rationalised deduction, systematic
construction and regional expansion of museology. It focuses on the early evolution from
coastal, northwestern, and southwestern regions to national museums, in terms of collection
concepts, organisational systems, cultural dissemination, and research results, especially
with the emergence of new disciplines such as Archaeology, Ethnology, Anthropology and its
transformation in research methodology, paths, horizons.
This paper argues that the evolution of museums reflects the academia's alertness to the loss of
local cultural relics, regional cultural indifference and colonial cultural impact. The constructionof local museums has shown a trend of sprouting disciplines, popularising public knowledge,
thinking about the nation, and then developing into a propaganda position for “unifying the
nation in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression”. This is the consciousness of
the academic community of the national united front against Japan and the mobilisation of the
whole nation, as well as a positive exploration from the culture of resistance to the cultural
resistance, which has gradually given birth to collections, displays and academic acheivements
with a populist and pluralist tendency
[V1] | 2025-02-17 17:48:53 | PSSXiv:202502.00880V1 | 下载全文 |
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