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新时代党的腐败治理:重点环节与制度构建——基于交易成本政治学的视角

CPC’ s Corruption Governance: Key Aspects and Institutional Construction—— Based on the Analysis Framework of Transaction Cost Politics

摘要: 交易成本政治学在进一步理新时代中国共产党反腐治腐上具有可行性,为此提供了一个分析视角。在其核心概念“合同”中,由于信息不对称而产生的道德风险和逆向选择问题,普遍存在于需要采取委托-代理的方式来实现运作的等级制组织里,中国共产党也是如此。故而,机会主义容易出现的“合同前”与“合同后”两个环节,构成了腐败治理的重点环节:合同前重点解决逆向选择问题,揭示党内候选代理人的真实偏好或能力,同时制约监督党内具有委托人资格的主体的权力;合同后重点解决道德风险问题,为“事前”设计严密的程序,对“事后”进行监督。本质上,由于治理结构即制度框架影响着行为的发生,降低交易成本的制度也同样有助于遏制机会主义,可以从四类制度来推进腐败治理制度构建:承诺(宣誓制度)、信誉(责任制)、激励(奖酬与表彰制度)、透明度(党务公开制度)。没有一种方法是一劳永逸的,但通过交易成本政治学提供分析腐败问题的简化模型,为我们指明了腐败治理的着力点。

Abstract: The Transaction Costs Politics (TCP) is feasible in further understanding the CPC’s corruption governance, providing an analytical framework. From the perspective of contractual relationships, moral hazard and adverse selection due to information asymmetries are prevalent in hierarchical organizations that require a principal-agent approach to their operations, as is the case with the CPC. Then, the ‘pre-contract’ and ‘post-contract’ aspects, where opportunism is prone to emerge, constitute the key aspects of corruption governance: the pre-contract focuses on resolving the adverse selection problem, revealing the true preferences or abilities of the CPC’s candidate agents, and constraining the supervision of the power of the CPC’s principals; the post-contracting process focuses on moral hazard by designing strict procedures for the ‘Ex Ante’ and monitoring the ‘Ex Post’. Since the governance structure essentially influences behavior, institutions that reduce transaction costs also help to curb opportunism, four types of institutions can be used to promote corruption governance: commitment (oath institution), credibility (responsibility institution), incentives (rewards and recognition institution), and transparency (party affairs publicity institution). No one approach is a one-size-fits-all, but providing a simplified model for analyzing corruption through the TCP shows us where to focus our efforts in corruption governance.

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[V1] 2025-04-02 15:27:38 PSSXiv:202504.00343V1 下载全文
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