绝对自然与适度生存

• 作者： 刘震 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  江西省社会科学院
• 通讯作者： 刘震 
• 发布时间：2025-04-22

摘要: 中华典籍《列子·杨朱篇》中蕴含着丰富的人权理念，甚至可以称之为中国历史上的第一份《人权宣言》。《杨朱篇》中不但提出了著名的“损一毫利天下不与”的主张，同时还针对损人利己的极端自私行为提出了“悉天下奉一身不取”的反向制约，以期构建一个“人人不损一毫，人人不利天下，天下治矣”的终极理想社会。此外，其中的“绝对自然”价值导向与“适度生存”行为准则，不但可以打破个人对于生命存在的过度迷恋与盲目执着，消解死亡带来的对于归于虚无的恐惧，让人坦然赴死；还可以使人获得精神的宁静与内心的平和，从容而生。而一切诸如因病致贫、器官买卖、自杀等社会伦理问题或亦将迎刃而解。最后，我们既要让财产为生命服务，又不能因财产而牺牲自由，要以辩证的方法对待三者，使生命、财产、自由这三项基本人权达到和谐统一。

Abstract: The Chinese classic Liezi·Yang Zhu Pian contains abundant human rights concepts, which can even be called the first Declaration of Human Rights in Chinese history. In the Yang Zhu Pian, not only is the famous proposition “Not to benefit the world at the expense of one hair” proposed, but also a counterbalancing constraint “Not to take everything in the world to serve one person” is put forward against the extreme selfish behavior of harming others for one’s own benefit, in the hope of building an ultimate ideal society where “no one harms a hair, no one benefits the world, and the world is well-governed. ” In addition, its value orientation of “absolute naturalness” and behavioral norm of “moderate survival” can not only break the excessive obsession and blind persistence with the existence of life, but also dispel the fear of returning to nothingness brought by death, and face death calmly; It can also achieve spiritual tranquility and inner peace, and living gracefully. Moreover all social problems such as poverty caused by illness, organ trafficking, suicide, etc. will be easily solved. Finally, we must let property serve life without limiting freedom due to property, treating the three—life, property, and freedom—dialectically, to achieve a harmonious unity of these three fundamental human rights.

• 来自： 刘震
• 分类： 哲学 >> 中国哲学
• 稿件状态： 未投稿
• 引用： PSSXiv:202504.02668 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202504.02668V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202504.02668
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202504.02668
• 推荐引用方式： 刘震.绝对自然与适度生存.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202504.02668.[PSSXiv:202504.02668V1] (点此复制)