从期望到投入：父母教育行为如何影响子女心理健康

• 作者： 王建武 ¹ 王思杨 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  黑龙江省社会科学院-社会学研究所
• 发布时间：2024-12-31

摘要: 已有研究在分析家庭教育对子女心理健康的影响时，往往陷入“有害论”与“有益论”的二元对立。本研究突破这一局限，从教育期望与教育投入的交互视角，构建了一个整合性的理论框架。基于中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）2018年数据，运用多重因果推断方法，研究发现：（1）教育期望和教育投入的影响呈现出显著的结构性特征：教育投入存在“V”型曲线效应，在低水平和高水平阶段边际效益较大；（2）教育投入在教育期望影响子女心理健康的过程中发挥部分中介作用，表明父母期望既通过具体投入行为发挥作用，也能通过价值观传递等非物质途径产生影响；（3）教育期望的作用存在显著的阶层异质性，在一般家庭中能显著提升子女心理健康，而在精英家庭中效应不显著，这揭示了家庭教育中的“资源悖论”。这些发现不仅丰富了家庭社会资本理论在中国情境下的应用，也为理解教育不平等的代际传递机制提供了新视角。研究启示我们，家庭教育的效果不是简单的“利”或“弊”问题，而是需要考虑其程度、结构和阶层特征。

Abstract: Previous studies analyzing the impact of family education on children's mental health often fall into a binary opposition between "harmful" and "beneficial" perspectives. Departing from this limitation, this study constructs an integrated theoretical framework from the interactive perspective of educational expectations and educational investment. Based on the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data and employing multiple causal inference methods, this study finds that: (1) The effects of educational expectations and educational investment exhibit significant structural characteristics: educational investment shows a "V-shaped" curve effect, with greater marginal benefits at both low and high levels; (2) Educational investment partially mediates the impact of educational expectations on children's mental health, indicating that parental expectations not only work through specific investment behaviors but also through non-material channels such as value transmission; (3) The effects of educational expectations exhibit significant heterogeneity across social classes. While they significantly improve children's mental health in ordinary families, the effects are insignificant in elite families, revealing a "resource paradox" in family education. These findings not only enrich the application of family social capital theory in the Chinese context but also provide new insights into understanding the intergenerational transmission mechanism of educational inequality. The study suggests that the effects of family education are not simply a matter of "benefits" or "harms" but need to be considered in terms of their degree, structure, and class characteristics.

• 来自： 王建武
• 分类： 社会学
• 稿件状态： 已投稿期刊
• 引用： PSSXiv:202412.01572 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202412.01572V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202412.01572
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202412.01572
• 推荐引用方式： 王建武,王思杨.从期望到投入：父母教育行为如何影响子女心理健康.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202412.01572.[PSSXiv:202412.01572V1] (点此复制)