走向“问”“责”平衡：基于中央环保督察的隐喻理论分析

• 作者： 张莲明 ¹ 胡春艳 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  中南大学公共管理学院
• 发布时间：2025-02-08

摘要: 问责中的“问”与“责”是现代民主问责制的基本内涵，“问”“责”平衡是问责制有效运转的重要条件，但相关研究较为缺乏。通过运用隐喻理论和语料库研究法，对中央生态环境保护督察过程中使用的隐喻词汇展开分析，提炼出中央与地方的“问—答”互动过程。研究发现，中央生态环境保护督察制度给地方政府营造出可信的制裁威胁，在这种氛围中，地方政府积极回应督察组的反馈和要求，双方通过隐喻对信息编码同时又通过责任要素指向进行解码，形成了从“问”到“答”的良性循环的问责互动链条。文章试图探寻理解央地关系的全新视角，通过达成“问”“责”平衡促进权责平衡，构建更具韧性的央地关系结构。应用隐喻理论对中国问责制中“问”的过程展开分析，丰富了语言学与行政学的交叉研究，促进中国问责制的理论与实践从“问”“责”失衡走向“问”“责”平衡，不断完善中国特色问责制与央地关系结构。

Abstract: The concepts of “questioning” and “sanctions” are fundamental aspects of modern democratic accountability systems, and achieving a balance between them is crucial for the effective operation of such systems, which received relatively less attention in recent years. By employing metaphor theory and corpus-based research methods, this study analyzed the metaphorical vocabularies used in the process of Central Environmental Protection Inspection (CEPI), and extracted the “questioning-answering” interaction process between the central and local governments. The study found that the CEPI created a credible threat of sanctions for local governments, which actively responded to the feedback and demands of the inspection teams within this context. Both accountees and accountors encoded information through metaphors and decoded them by pointing to elements of responsibility, which formed a virtuous cycle of accountability interaction from “questioning” to “answering” . The study attempted to explore a new perspective for understanding the relationship between the central and local governments, aiming to promote a balance of power and responsibility and construct a more resilient structure for central-local relationship by achieving a balance between “questioning” and “sanctions”. Applying metaphor theory to analyze the process of “questioning” in China's accountability system can not only enrich interdisciplinary research between linguistics and administration, but also help the theory and practice of China's accountability system shift from an imbalance to a balance between “questioning” and “sanctioning”, thereby continuously improving the characteristic accountability system and central-local relationship structure of China.

• 来自： 胡春艳
• 分类： 公共管理学
• 稿件状态： 已投稿期刊
• 引用： PSSXiv:202502.00244 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202502.00244V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202502.00244
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202502.00244
• 推荐引用方式： 张莲明,胡春艳.走向“问”“责”平衡：基于中央环保督察的隐喻理论分析.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202502.00244.[PSSXiv:202502.00244V1] (点此复制)