全球可能性与空间软断裂——反向跨境者城市归属感的意义建构

• 作者： 张可 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  上海社会科学院社会学研究所
• 发布时间：2025-03-03

摘要: 近年来，从发达地区向发展中地区的反向跨境迁移现象日益受到关注。既有研究多聚焦于宏观政治经济学，探讨迁移及对群体认同的影响，对跨境者在移入地空间中的日常实践及城市认同的中观层次研究相对较少。本文以长期定居上海的台籍青年为研究对象，解析上海反向吸引来自相对发达地区跨境者的非经济因素及其对城市认同的运作机制。 基于中层理论，本文以“城市—媒介—迁移者”为分析框架，探讨与传统“由南向北”的迁移模式相比，反向跨境迁移中移民与城市空间的互动过程。研究发现，反向跨境者更偏好具备长期性机会结构的城市。上海作为全球城市（global city），由城市现代性所产生的，独特的寰宇性格（cosmopolitanism）在移民的空间体验中发挥核心作用。上海的现代生活方式与跨文化桥接带来的身份重塑，不仅促进其将个人资本“全球兑换”，强化与全球网络的连接，还使迁移者感受到文化多元性，反映出非物质性体验对定居意愿产生的显著影响。 基于上述发现，本文提出“空间软断裂”的概念，解释反向跨境迁移的可能性：移民在迁移过程中因文化、身份与空间实践的多重张力，一方面感受到故乡与移入地的分离，另一方面体验到文化多样性与全球连接的吸引，从而深化对“全球身份”的想象与认同。通过平滑嵌入当地的市井文化，最终逐步重构自身的城市归属感。研究表明，城市并非移民的被动接受地，而是凭借象征资本与文化资源，主动参与迁移者的认同建构；迁移者则展现了文化选择能力与行动自主性。面对当前全面放宽境外人员来华，将反向跨境迁移置于全球城市语境下审视，不仅丰富了中国超大城市的发展潜力研究，亦为全球迁移研究的南方理论提供了新的视角。

Abstract: Reverse cross-border migration from developed to developing regions has gained scholarly attention in recent years. While most research focuses on macro-level political and economic factors, the meso-level dynamics of migrants’ everyday practices and urban identity construction remain underexplored. This study examines Taiwanese youth settled in Shanghai, analyzing the non-economic factors that attract them and how these factors shape their urban identity. Using a "city–media–migrants" framework, this study reveals that reverse migrants prefer cities offering long-term opportunities. As a global city, Shanghai’s modernity fosters a unique cosmopolitanism, which significantly shapes migrants’ spatial experiences. Its modern lifestyle and cross-cultural connectivity enable identity reconstruction, promote cultural diversity, and facilitate the global exchange of personal capital, strengthening migrants’ ties to global networks. These non-material experiences deeply influence their settlement intentions. The study introduces the concept of "spatial soft fracture" to explain migrants’ tensions between cultural and spatial practices. Migrants experience both separation from their homeland and attraction to the diversity and global connections of their new city. This duality deepens their imagination of a "global identity" and helps reconstruct their sense of belonging through integration into Shanghai’s vernacular culture. This research highlights the active role of cities in shaping migrant identities through cultural and symbolic resources, while migrants exhibit agency in their cultural adaptation. Placing reverse migration within the global city context enriches understanding of China’s megacities and contributes to migration studies through the lens of Southern Theory.

• 来自： 张可
• 分类： 社会学
• 稿件状态： 已投稿期刊
• 引用： PSSXiv:202503.00142 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202503.00142V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202503.00142
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv202503.00142
• 推荐引用方式： 张可.全球可能性与空间软断裂——反向跨境者城市归属感的意义建构.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202503.00142.[PSSXiv:202503.00142V1] (点此复制)