身份烙印会在流动中消失吗？——基于家乡大姓失信与异地创业的研究

• 作者： 马俊峰 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  广西大学经济学院
• 发布时间：2025-03-17

摘要: 借助2005年全国1%人口抽样调查数据识别家乡第一大姓氏，结合最高人民法院公布的失信被执行人名单构造家乡第一大姓失信者比例指标，匹配2017年全国流动人口动态监测调查，考察家乡大姓失信如何影响异地创业。研究发现，姓氏作为最重要的符号特征之一，其身份烙印不会在流动中消失，表现为家乡第一大姓失信者比例的提高会减少本地人外出创业的可能性和意愿。机制检验表明，家乡大姓失信通过降低流动人口对强血缘强地缘关系、弱血缘强地缘关系和弱血缘弱地缘关系群体的信任程度，削弱社会融入意愿，阻碍异地创业。异质性分析表明，家乡大姓失信对跨省流动、跨方言区（片）流动和未进行社会网络重构群体异地创业的负面影响更大。进一步发现，第一大姓所在家族社会影响力的增加和流入地对户籍地信任程度的提高有助于减轻上述负面影响，流入地宗族文化重视程度的提高会加剧这种负面影响。本研究不仅拓宽了移民推拉理论的中国化研究视角，还为寻找破除阻碍异地创业因素的方法提供了思考。

Abstract: This study identifies the first major surname in hometown with the help of 2005 national 1% population sample survey data, constructs the indicator of the proportion of defaulters with the first major surname in hometown combined with the list of defaulted executors published by the Supreme People’s Court, and matches the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey to examine how the loss of trust in the first major surname in hometown affects entrepreneurship in other places. The study finds that the surname, as one of the most important symbolic features, does not lose its identity imprint in mobility, as shown by the fact that an increase in the proportion of defaulters with the first largest surname in their hometown reduces the likelihood and willingness of locals to go out and start their own business. Mechanism tests show that the loss of trust in the big family name in the hometown does not inhibit entrepreneurship by reducing the availability of credit, but rather weakens the willingness to integrate socially and discourages entrepreneurship in a different place by reducing the level of trust of the migrant population in the groups of strong blood and strong geographic ties, weak blood and strong geographic ties, and weak blood and weak geographic ties. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the negative impact of the loss of trust of the first family name in the hometown is greater on cross-provincial mobility, cross-dialect area (slice) mobility and cross-location entrepreneurship of groups that have not undergone social network reconstruction. It is further found that an increase in the social influence of the clan of the first major surname in the place of domicile and an increase in the level of trust in the place of domicile in the place of inflow help to mitigate the above negative impacts, which is exacerbated by an increase in the level of importance attached to clan culture in the place of inflow. This study not only broadens the Chinese research perspective of the migration push-pull theory, but also provides food for thought in finding ways to break down the factors that hinder entrepreneurship in a different place.

• 来自： 马俊峰
• 分类： 应用经济学 >> 劳动经济学
• 说明： 论文已被《劳动经济评论》（CSSCI集刊）录用
• 稿件状态： 已被期刊录用
• 引用： PSSXiv:202503.01377 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202503.01377V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202503.01377
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202503.01377
• 推荐引用方式： 马俊峰.身份烙印会在流动中消失吗？——基于家乡大姓失信与异地创业的研究.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202503.01377.[PSSXiv:202503.01377V1] (点此复制)