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马克思社会发展“跨越”思想的比较

The Comparison of Marx’s Thought of "Leaping over" in Social Development

摘要: 马克思在《《黑格尔法哲学批判》导言》中通过对德国特殊历史条件的分析,提出了双重跨越路径:在理论上以国家哲学和法哲学批判为突破口,在实践上以无产阶级为革命主体,论证了德国可能跨越政治解放阶段直接实现人的解放。在晚年关于俄国公社的研究中,马克思进一步运用唯物辩证法,通过具体分析俄国公社的二重性特征,提出俄国公社可以跨越资本主义制度的“卡夫丁峡谷”。两种“跨越”思想都是辩证法在落后国家发展道路分析中的运用,但是理论和方法的科学和成熟程度不同。《资本论》的理论与方法是历史唯物主义和唯物辩证法,是分析历史发展规律的科学理论和方法。

Abstract: Through the analysis of the special historical conditions of Germany in the Introduction to Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right, Marx put forward a double-leap path: taking the critique of national philosophy and philosophy of right as the breakthrough point in theory, and taking the proletariat as the revolutionary subject in practice, he demonstrated that Germany could directly realize the liberation of human beings across the stage of political liberation. In the study of Russian Commune in his later years, Marx further used materialist dialectics to analyze the dual characteristics of Russian Commune, and proposed that Russian Commune could cross the "Kaftin Canyon" of the capitalist system. The two "leaping" thoughts are both the application of dialectics in the analysis of the development path of backward countries, but the science and maturity of the theory and method are different. The theory and method of Das Kapital are historical materialism and materialist dialectics, which are scientific theories and methods for analyzing the law of historical development.

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[V1] 2025-04-16 11:37:15 PSSXiv:202504.01996V1 下载全文
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