日本耻感文化及其多维结构

• 作者： 普书贞 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  中国农业大学人文与发展学院
• 通讯作者： 普书贞 
• 发布时间：2024-05-14

摘要:  耻是伦理道德的基础性规范，耻感是这种道德规范在情感层面上由个体心理机制产生的社会性结果。日本文化被认为是一种耻感文化，耻感文化外化为现实中与“耻”有关的一系列道德情境，具有多维结构。其特征表现为公认道德标准下独特的他律，且凭借外人的观感和反应所施予的强制力来行事；另一方面，由于自身耻的行为被发现而产生耻感，日本人习惯于通过一系列方式来洗刷耻辱，获得他们认为的尊严。日本耻感文化的多维结构蕴含着日本社会中强烈的集体主义道德观和以耻为内核的伦理价值，但在社会剧烈发展、伦理道德淡漠的时代背景下，耻感文化过于强调的规则意识和硬约束作用，往往也使得日本人的价值判断基准产生混乱，形成崇拜强者的行为选择、以死谢罪的耻辱洗刷方式、竭力逃避责任的荣辱观。

Abstract:  Shame is the basic norm of ethics, and the sense of shame is the social result of this kind of moral norm produced by individual psychological mechanism on the emotional level. Japanese culture has been regarded as a kind of shame culture, which is externalized into a series of moral situations related to shame in reality and has a multi-dimensional structure. It is characterized by the unique heteronomy under the accepted moral standards, and it relies on the coercive force imposed by outsiders’ impressions and reactions. On the other hand, it possesses a sense of shame due to the discovery of its own shameful behavior. The Japanese are accustomed to using a series of methods to wash away the shame and gaining the dignity they think. The multi-dimensional structure of Japanese shame culture contains the  strong collectivist moral values and the ethical value with shame as the core in Japanese society. However, in the context of the rapid development of society and the indifferent ethics, the over-emphasized rule awareness and rigid restraint effect of shame culture often causes confusion on the value judgment benchmarks of Japanese. It forms the behavior choice of worshiping the strong, the suicide behavior of paying homage to death, and the honor and disgrace view of trying to escape responsibility.

• 来自： 普先生
• 分类： 社会学 >> 社会学 综合学科 >> 综合学科
• 稿件状态： 未投稿
• 引用： PSSXiv:202405.00271 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202405.00271V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202405.00271
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202405.00271
• 推荐引用方式： 普书贞.日本耻感文化及其多维结构.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202405.00271.[PSSXiv:202405.00271V1] (点此复制)