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劳动生产美与剩余使用价值:再论美的本源与本质

Labor Produces Beauty and Surplus Use-Value: Revisiting the Origin and Essence of Beauty

摘要: 美的本源与本质是所有美学理论的基本问题。当代中国实践美学和价值美学对该问题做出了探索:前者指出美的本源在于“自然的人化”,后者从价值论界定美的本质。马克思主义美学理论认为,美诞生于人与自然的审美关系,源于“自然的人化”或具体-有用劳动的对象化。从对象的感性-自然形式角度看,美是人化的自然形式;从审美主客体关系看,美是超越了必要使用价值的剩余使用价值,这一理论认识强调“美在关系”的事实并解决了自然美的难题。

Abstract: The origin and essence of beauty are fundamental questions that no aesthetic theory can circumvent. Contemporary Chinese practical aesthetics and axiological aesthetics have explored these issues: the former posits that the origin of beauty lies in the "humanization of nature," while the latter defines the essence of beauty in terms of value theory. Marxist aesthetic theory holds that beauty emerges from the aesthetic relationship between humans and nature, rooted in the "humanization of nature." Beauty is not the "objectification of human essential powers" but rather the objectification of concrete-useful labor. From the perspective of the sensuous-natural form of objects, beauty manifests as humanized natural forms; from the standpoint of the subject-object relationship in aesthetics, beauty transcends necessary use-value and constitutes surplus use-value. This theoretical framework underscores the fact that "beauty lies in relationships" and resolves the longstanding dilemma of natural beauty.

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[V1] 2025-03-27 13:25:22 PSSXiv:202503.03465V1 下载全文
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