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主体性、异化与生活形式:耶吉生活形式批判的形成考察——从关系性主体到规范性批判的理论建构

Subjectivity, Alienation, and Forms of Life: An Examination of the Formation of Jaeggi’s Critique of Forms of Life

摘要: 拉赫尔·耶吉的生活形式批判为当代社会批判提供了新的理论路径。该理论以关系主体性为起点,通过对异化概念的反本质主义重构,逐步确立了以生活形式为对象的规范性批判框架。生活形式作为兼具本体论结构与规范维度的实践形态,其失败体现为规范诉求在实践中的系统性阻滞。为回应这一问题,耶吉提出以“内在批判”与“学习过程”替代传统的外部批判逻辑。在继承马克思资本主义批判的同时,这一规范性转向也重构了对结构性剥削与激进革命的理解。当代社会批判的有效展开,有赖于在结构批判与规范反思之间维持张力,从而保有批判的锋芒与实践的活力。

Abstract: Rahel Jaeggi’s critique of forms of life provides a new theoretical approach to contemporary social critique. Grounded in the concept of relational subjectivity, this theory reconstructs the notion of alienation in a non-essentialist manner, thereby establishing a normative framework in which forms of life serve as objects of critique. As specific ontological structures and normatively sustained modes of practice, forms of life exhibit systematic stagnation when normative demands fail in practice. In response, Jaeggi replaces the traditional logic of external critique with "immanent critique" and "learning processes." While inheriting the Marxist critique of capitalism, this shift in normative perspective also reconfigures the tension between negativity and revolutionary impetus. The effectiveness of contemporary social critique depends on maintaining a dynamic balance between structural critique and reflexive normativity, ensuring that critique remains both incisive and practically viable.

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[V2] 2025-04-08 16:49:52 PSSXiv:202504.00313v2 查看此版本 下载全文
[V1] 2025-04-01 20:15:59 PSSXiv:202504.00313V1 下载全文
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