从道法实践看一般民众对“ 魏征梦斩泾河龙” 故事的认知与接受

• 作者： 许蔚 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  复旦大学 中国古代文学研究中心
• 发布时间：2025-04-25

摘要: 从通俗文艺及仪式说唱所见“魏征梦斩泾河龙”故事来看,无论精英士人还是一般民众,往往都会按照自己所熟悉的日常事物和生活逻辑来对该故事加以解释、增补、调整或改写。这些不断变动的通俗文本既与舞台展演有关,也往往与地方仪式传统有着紧密的联系。借由文本改造所传达的一般民众对该故事的认知与接受,除反映一般的日常生活经验外,也潜藏着他们日常所实践的道法知识。在这些细节充满异变的文本中,最值得关注的是民间仪式场合所改造和使用的故事,逐渐形成了将魏征视为“斩龙童子”的看法。这种看法与宋代以来道法实践中的“童子”运用方法与案例有关。通过追溯、构建一般民众所浸淫其中的仪式环境和法术思维,我们得以理解通俗文艺的一般受众,无论是中土舞台或口头文艺 的搬演者与观众,还是受到中土道法影响的越南法师,何以将“魏征梦斩泾河龙”等同于驱邪法术中的“濛童斩邪”。

Abstract: Judging from the story of “Wei Zheng's Beheading the Dragon King of Jing River” in popular literature and ritual storytelling, both elite scholars and ordinary people often interpret, supplement, adjust or rewrite the story according to the daily things and life logic they are familiar with. These constantly changing popular texts are not only related to stage performances, but also often have a close connection with local ritual traditions. The general public's cognition and acceptance of the story conveyed by the text transformation not only reflects the general daily life experience, but also hides the knowledge of the Daoist Methods they practice in daily life. Among the various texts characterized by differing details, the most significant are those narratives that have been transformed and utilized in folk rituals. These narratives have contributed to the perception of Wei Zheng as a “dragon-slaying child. ” This perception is closely linked to the applications and instances of “tongzi” within the practice of Daoist methods since the Song Dynasty. By examining and reconstructing the ritualistic context and the magical thinking that permeate the lives of ordinary individuals, we can gain insight into why the general audience of popular literature and art — comprising performers and spectators of Chinese stage and oral literature, as well as Vietnamese Fashi influenced by Chinese Taoism — equate “Wei Zheng's Beheading the Dragon King of Jing River” with “mengtong zhanxie” in the context of exorcism rites.

• 分类： 中国语言文学 >> 中国古代文学
• 稿件状态： 已在期刊出版
期刊名称： 《复旦学报（社会科学版）》 2025年 第2期 “中国古代文学研究”专栏
• 引用： PSSXiv:202504.03036 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202504.03036V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202504.03036
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202504.03036
• 推荐引用方式： 许蔚.从道法实践看一般民众对“ 魏征梦斩泾河龙” 故事的认知与接受.复旦学报（社会科学版）,2025(2).[PSSXiv:202504.03036V1] (点此复制)