从孤立主义到门罗主义：美国外交政策基石的演变与影响

• 作者： 陈子曦 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  乌鲁木齐职业大学
• 发布时间：2025-02-22

摘要: 本文深入探讨美国从建国初期的孤立主义外交政策逐步转向门罗主义的历史进程、背后的驱动因素以及对美国自身和国际地缘政治格局产生的深远影响。通过梳理美国自1776年建国以来在不同历史阶段的政治、经济、社会状况，揭示孤立主义如何在特定历史背景下成为美国外交的主导思想，以及随着美国国力的增长和国际形势的变化，门罗主义如何应运而生并取代孤立主义，成为美国外交政策的新基石。研究表明，孤立主义和门罗主义不仅是美国在不同历史时期维护自身利益的重要手段，也深刻塑造了美国在国际舞台上的角色和地位，对后世国际关系理论和实践产生了不可忽视的影响。同时，结合特朗普上台后的一系列政策举措，分析其对美国传统外交理念的继承与背离，以及可能给美国和全球带来的新变化与挑战。

Abstract:  This article explores in depth the historical process of the United States’ gradual shift from isolationist foreign policy in the early days of its founding to Monroe Doctrine, the driving factors behind it, and the profound impact it has had on the United States itself and the international geopolitical landscape. By examining the political, economic, and social conditions of the United States at different historical stages since its founding in 1776, this study reveals how isolationism has become the dominant ideology in American diplomacy in specific historical contexts, and how Monroe Doctrine has emerged and replaced isolationism as a new cornerstone of American foreign policy with the growth of American national strength and changes in the international situation. Research has shown that isolationism and Monroe Doctrine were not only important means for the United States to maintain its own interests in different historical periods, but also profoundly shaped its role and position on the international stage, and had an undeniable impact on the theory and practice of international relations in later generations. At the same time, based on Trump’s series of policy measures since taking office, analyze his inheritance and deviation from traditional American diplomatic concepts, as well as the new changes and challenges that he may bring to the United States and the world.

• 来自： 陈子曦
• 分类： 历史学 >> 世界史 政治学 >> 政治学理论 政治学 >> 国际政治 政治学 >> 国际关系
• 稿件状态： 未投稿
• 引用： PSSXiv:202502.01241 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202502.01241V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202502.01241
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv202502.01241
• 推荐引用方式： 陈子曦.从孤立主义到门罗主义：美国外交政策基石的演变与影响.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202502.01241.[PSSXiv:202502.01241V1] (点此复制)