死亡教育理念缺失与中国老年人的文化调适路径研究

• 作者： 陈雨欣 ^1,2 董丽平 ²
• 作者单位：
  1.  合肥师范学院

  2.  安徽城市管理职业学院
• 通讯作者： 陈雨欣 
• 发布时间：2025-04-23

摘要: 随着中国老龄化程度持续加深，老年群体面临死亡认知局限与晚年生活目标迷失的双重困境，传统文化中的生死避讳观念与现代生命教育理念的缺失进一步加剧了这一矛盾。本研究旨在揭示死亡教育理念缺失的生成机制及其对老年人文化调适的影响，探索本土化生命教育的重构路径，以提升老年人生命质量。通过混合研究方法，结合定量调查、定性访谈与文献分析，系统剖析城乡老年人的死亡态度差异及文化调适障碍。研究发现传统仪式消解、代际沟通断裂与社区支持失效构成文化调适的核心困境，农村地区因制度性资源匮乏与家庭伦理禁忌，死亡恐惧与心理负担显著高于城市。基于提出“传统智慧激活一代际联结强化一制度保障赋能”三位一体的干预框架，融合儒家伦理、道家自然观与现代临终关怀技术，构建社区一家庭协同支持网络。本文创新性整合传统文化调适机制与西方死亡教育理论，为本土化生命教育体系提供理论支撑；为优化临终关怀政策、完善老年人心理健康服务及推动社会死亡认知转型提供策略参考。

Abstract: As China’s aging population continues to deepen, the elderly face dual challenges of limited death cognition and disorientation in later-life goals. Traditional cultural taboos surrounding death and the absence of modern life education concepts further exacerbate this contradiction. This study aims to uncover the mechanisms underlying the deficiency in death education and its impact on cultural adaptation among the elderly, while exploring pathways to reconstruct localized life education to enhance their quality of life. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach integrating quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and literature analysis, the research systematically examines differences in death attitudes and cultural adaptation barriers among urban and rural elderly populations. Findings reveal that the dissolution of traditional rituals, breakdown of intergenerational communication, and inefficacy of community support constitute core challenges for cultural adaptation. Rural areas exhibit significantly higher death anxiety and psychological burdens compared to urban regions, attributable to institutional resource scarcity and familial ethical taboos. The study proposes a tripartite intervention framework of “revitalizing traditional wisdom–strengthening intergenerational bonds–empowering institutional safeguards”, which integrates Confucian ethics, Taoist natural philosophy, and modern hospice care techniques to establish a community-family collaborative support network. Innovatively synthesizing traditional cultural adaptation mechanisms with Western death education theories, this research provides theoretical foundations for a localized life education system. It offers strategic references for optimizing end-of-life care policies, improving mental health services for the elderly, and fostering societal transformation in death cognition.

• 来自： 陈雨欣
• 分类： 公共管理学 >> 社会医学与卫生事业管理 统计学 >> 统计学
• 稿件状态： 未投稿
• 引用： PSSXiv:202504.01565 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202504.01565V2)
  DOI:10.12451/202504.01565
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202504.01565
• 推荐引用方式： 陈雨欣,董丽平.死亡教育理念缺失与中国老年人的文化调适路径研究.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202504.01565.[PSSXiv:202504.01565V2] (点此复制)