人工智能赋能监督权的法律边界——基于智慧监督技术措施的法律属性进行的分析

• 作者： 孙倩 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  安庆师范大学法学院
• 通讯作者： 孙倩 
• 发布时间：2025-04-16

摘要: 《监察法》规定的三大职能之一的监督职能仍然是以检查权为核心的，但实践中人工智能赋能的智慧纪检监察系统采用的网络搜索、智能抓取、人脸识别等高科技技术措施，是行使监督职能中的检查权，还是行使调查权，存在法律属性上的模糊性。根据监察法及其实施条例规定的技术调查措施的立法精神，各地智慧纪检监察系统采取的各项技术措施有使用的必要性，同时也要关注到其可能造成的危害。在常态化监督领域采取技术措施开展监督，需要严格的审批程序和明晰的界限，避免监督权过限导致监督与调查混同，无限扩大调查权。因此明晰哪些技术措施可以在监督权中使用，哪些技术措施只能在调查权中使用，以及它们各自使用的法律边界异常重要。

Abstract: One of the three major functions stipulated in the Supervision Law, the supervisory function, is still centered on the power of inspection. However, in practice, the intelligent discipline inspection and supervision system empowered by artificial intelligence adopts high-tech technology measures such as network search, intelligent crawling, and facial recognition. There is a legal ambiguity in whether it belongs to the scope of inspection power or investigation power. According to the legislative spirit of the Supervision Law and its implementation regulations on technical investigation measures, it is necessary to use various technical measures adopted by the intelligent discipline inspection and supervision systems in various regions, while also paying attention to the potential harm they may cause. In the field of normalized supervision, it is also necessary to be extremely cautious when taking technical measures to carry out supervision. Strict approval procedures and clear boundaries are required to avoid excessive supervision power leading to confusion between supervision and investigation, and unlimited expansion of investigation power. Therefore, it is extremely important to clarify which technical measures can be used in the supervisory power, which technical measures can only be used in the investigative power, and the legal boundaries of their respective uses.

• 来自： 孙倩
• 分类： 法学 >> 宪法学与行政法学
• 说明： 被一些期刊拒稿，目前又新投稿了一个期刊
• 稿件状态： 已投稿期刊
• 引用： PSSXiv:202504.02050 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202504.02050V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202504.02050
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202504.02050
• 推荐引用方式： 孙倩.人工智能赋能监督权的法律边界——基于智慧监督技术措施的法律属性进行的分析.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202504.02050.[PSSXiv:202504.02050V1] (点此复制)