权力、礼仪与空间：唐开元二十七年孔子封王与孔庙空间转型

• 作者： 张彦聪 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  河南财经政法大学
• 通讯作者： 张彦聪 
• 发布时间：2025-03-25

摘要: 唐开元二十七年孔子封王引发的孔庙空间转型，是中华文明史上一个极具象征意义的事件，折射出唐代政治文化转型背景下皇权强化与儒家意识形态再建构的深层逻辑。孔子神座由“坐西向东”调整为“坐北面南”后，孔庙祀位排列舍弃了连续性的鱼贯排列方式，开始采用对称性排列方式，伴随曾子升“四科”带来的“十哲”祀位排列关系的调整，由此形成新的孔庙祀位构型。新的孔庙祀位构型重新界定了孔庙建筑空间关系，使南北向中轴线取得了对孔庙建筑群乃至整个庙学建筑群空间关系的主导地位，由此将孔庙建筑发展带入新的“轴心时代”。孔子神座“东向模式”与“南面模式”是不同空间意识形态与权力关系的产物与表征。孔子神座南面模式的胜出，一方面基于隋唐时期“尊北意识”成为主流空间意识形态，另一方面反映了帝国一统、皇权强化背景下倚重孔子重塑庙学体制的统治策略，奠定了后世孔庙规制的基本空间模式。

Abstract: The spatial transformation of Confucius temples triggered by Confucius’ royal title grant in the 27th year of the Kaiyuan era (739 CE) represents a landmark event in Chinese cultural history. It reflects the deeper logic of political-cultural transformation under Tang Dynasty rule, revealing the interplay between imperial power consolidation and the reconstruction of Confucian ideology. After the Confucius seat was adjusted from "sitting west to east" to "sitting north to south", the arrangement of the Confucian temple sacrificial positions abandoned the continuous sequential arrangement and began to adopt a symmetrical arrangement, and with Zeng Zi Entering the ranks the "quadrivium of Confucius", the sacrifice position arrangement relationship of "ten Philosophers of Confucius" is adjusted，thus a new configuration of the Confucian temple sacrificial positions was formed. The new configuration of sacrificial positions redefines the spatial relationship of the Confucian temple building, making the north-south central axis take the dominant position in the spatial relationship of the Confucian temple building and even the Confucian Temple & School building complex, thus bringing the development of the Confucian temple building into a new "axis era". The "east face mode" and "south face mode" of Confucius seat are the products and representations of different spatial ideology and power relations. The triumph of the south-facing model was rooted in two factors: the prevailing "northern-centric" spatial ideology during the Sui-Tang period and the empire’s strategic reliance on Confucius to reshape the temple-school system under strengthened autocratic rule. This laid the foundation for the spatial norms of later Confucius temples.

• 来自： 张彦聪
• 分类： 教育学 >> 教育史 历史学 >> 中国古代史 综合学科 >> 综合学科
• 稿件状态： 已投稿期刊
• 引用： PSSXiv:202503.02820 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202503.02820V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202503.02820
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202503.02820
• 推荐引用方式： 张彦聪.权力、礼仪与空间：唐开元二十七年孔子封王与孔庙空间转型.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202503.02820.[PSSXiv:202503.02820V1] (点此复制)