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年龄批评

Age Studies: A Keyword in Critical Theory

摘要: 2018年版《诺顿理论与批评选集》将“年龄批评”也纳入了西方批评理论谱系之中。西方年龄批评主要在四个领域初露端倪,围绕两个核心问题展开:一、西方社会年龄观的文化建构过程及其产生的歧视和不公正现象;二、个体的年龄身份认同。从社会整体而言,文化批评视角下的年龄批评提出年龄的文化建构论,揭露西方“衰退叙事”的年龄歧视本质;女性主义批评家则进一步揭露年龄歧视的双重标准,以及老年女性遭受的双重歧视。从个体层面而言,从心理学研究视角展开的年龄批评关注老年个体的恐老症及其对老年身份的拒绝认同;老年叙事学探索老年个体如何通过建构进步的年龄叙事以获取老年认同。年龄批评为文学研究提供了新的视角和方法,同时文学老年学研究也构成了年龄批评的重要组成部分。

Abstract: Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism (2018) ranks age studies among the theoretical genealogy of Western critical theory. Current age studies have been taking shape in four areas, focusing on two important issues: the attitude towards age and ageing in Western society as a whole and the individual’s age identification. Cultural critics have demonstrated the social construction of age in Western society and criticized its decline narrative; feminists further lay bare the double standard of ageing in Western society and the double discrimination suffered by older women. Concerning individuals’ age identification, studies from a psychological perspective focus on the refusal of identification as revealed in gerontophobia and the mirror stage of old age. In contrast, narrative gerontology focuses on identification with old age. Age studies offer literary studies new perspectives, and literary gerontology has been an essential part of age studies.

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[V1] 2025-04-25 11:21:05 PSSXiv:202504.03027V1 下载全文
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